Research and Development tax credits support companies that work on innovative projects in science and technology. From 1 April 2024, the UK moved to a single, merged R&D scheme. Under this setup, all companies can claim a 20% tax credit on qualifying R&D spend.
SMEs that invest heavily in R&D may qualify as “R&D-intensive” if at least 30% of their total costs relate to research and development. If they make a loss, they can claim a higher payable credit of 27%.
For example, an SME with £100,000 of qualifying R&D staff costs could receive a tax saving of around £16,000 under the new 20% credit rate, or a payable credit of £27,000 if loss-making and R&D-intensive.
Many e-commerce businesses carry out development work that may qualify for R&D tax relief without realizing their eligibility.
A project qualifies when you are trying to improve something in a way that involves genuine technical problem-solving. The conditions that a project must satisfy are one of the more complex areas of the relief and are determined by a combination of accounting rules and definitions contained in the Department for Business, Innovation & Skills guidelines.
Examples of qualifying projects:
Non-qualifying activities generally include:
You can claim R&D tax relief up to two years after the end of the relevant accounting period. New claimants, or those who have not claimed in the previous three years, must submit a pre-notification to HMRC within 6 months of the end of the related financial year, before making a claim.
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Yes. Many online sellers carry out eligible work without realising it. Product development, software improvements, material testing, packaging trials, and technical problem solving can all qualify when they involve genuine uncertainty.
No. Routine design, theme changes, or plug-in setup do not qualify. Work may qualify if you are developing new functionality or solving a technical challenge that requires research or trial.
Staff time, subcontractor costs (at an eligible percentage), prototype materials, consumables used in testing, and software used directly in the project.
You can claim up to two years after the end of the relevant accounting period.
You must notify HMRC within 6 months of the relevant financial year end if you are a new claimant or if you have not claimed in the previous three years. We handle the pre-notification for you.
HMRC aims to process and make payment in respect of R&D tax credit claims within 28 days of submission. If your claim is picked for inspection, this will delay the timeframe for payment.
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